Endovascular Surgery
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Endovascular Surgery
Endovascular surgery is a procedure that is performed using minimally invasive catheter techniques on the arteries or veins. Procedures include aneurysm repair, grafts, stents, varicose vein repair, and more. Endovascular surgery is often performed on an outpatient basis.
Types of Endovascular Surgery
Types of endovascular procedures include:
- Conditions of the aorta (aneurysms or occlusion)
- Cardiovascular disorders
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Carotid artery disease
- Critical limb ischemia
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- Pulmonary embolism
- Renal (kidney) vascular disease
- Stroke
- Cardiovascular disorders
- Varicose veins
- Hereditary disorders that result in various types of vascular disorders
Advantages of Endovascular Surgery
Endovascular surgery has a number of advantages, including:
- Much faster recovery
- Less discomfort
- Performed in an outpatient environment
- Performed without general anaesthesia in an outpatient setting
- Less postoperative wound complications
- Less bleeding
- No need for hospitalisation
- Those who are at a greater risk of problems benefit from less cardiac stress.
| Endovascular Surgery | >Open Surgery |
|---|---|
| A local or regional anesthesia is used to numb the local area. | General anesthesia is administered to induce sleep. |
| A very small incision is made near each hip (to access the blood vessels). | A large incision is made in the side of the chest or breastbone (for a thoracic aneurysm) to see the aorta in full view. |
| A catheter is placed into the blood vessels in the hip and threaded through to the aorta. | The aorta is clamped in an area above and below the aneurysm to stop the bleeding during surgery. |
| A special fabric tube called an endovascular graft is inserted through the arteries (inside the catheter) and positioned in the aorta. | Surgery is done to repair the aneurysm in the aortic wall, the aneurysm is removed and replaced by an artificial blood vessel (a man-made tube comprised of synthetic material). |
| the catheter) and positioned in the aorta | vessel (a man-made tube comprised of synthetic material) |
| The graft expands and seals off the weakened area in the aortic wall (preventing serious complications). | Once the aneurysm is repaired the clamps are removed so blood can resume flowing through the aorta and the incision is sutured or stapled closed. |
| The graft remains in place, permanently. | The surgeon will remove the sutures approximately 5 to 10 days after surgery. |
| The recovery period is quick, and you may resume normal activities in as little as one to two weeks. Full recovery is usually up to 4 weeks. | The patient is hospitalized for up to 10 days (if there are no complications, and there is a very long recovery period of two to three months, in which normal activity may be restricted for as long as six weeks. |
Endovascular Surgery vs. Open Vascular Surgery
Qualifying for Endovascular Surgery
There are many diseases that can be treated with either endovascular or Open surgery, but the decision is individualised based on each patient factors including age and health problems. The choice to do one or the other depends on distinctions between the patient and the operation. Not all operations can be handled safely and successfully utilising an endovascular method. These include:
- Regions the flex (knees & hips).
- The aneurysm’s size & position.
- There can be too much obstruction.
- For younger people, open surgical repair may be beneficial since it may last longer.
- The lifetime supervision that follows endovascular surgery might not be to everyone’s taste.
Complications
- Endovascular operations include the same risks of possible problems as other types of surgery, such as
- Blood flow through the stented channel is blocked.
- Stenting breaking.
- Leaking of blood surrounding the vessel
- Restenosis
- Remember to tell your doctor or other healthcare professionals that you have a graft after endovascular surgery and graft placement, especially if a treatment is being planned. Before some treatments, including dental surgery, you could be given antibiotics to avoid infection.
